1.  a.    1 mole glucose yields 36 ATP, therefore 3 moles of glucose would yield 3 X 36, or 108 ATP.

      b.    3 C6H12O6      +    x O2   ------->  x CO2    +     x H2O

            balance the equation:   3 C6H12O6    +     18O2    ---------------->    18CO2    +    18 H2O

    c.    3 moles glucose X 2 ATP/ mole  yields ,   6 moles of ATP

    d.    C16 fatty acid:

                        1.)  B-oxidation steps:  remember, uses 1 ATP to "prime the pump"

                                    7 "cuts" in the fatty acid yields:  7 NADH  X 3 ATP/ equiv.   =    21 ATP
                                                                                    7 FADH  X  2 ATP/ equiv.  =    14 ATP
                                                                                    8 Acetyl CoA ------>  Kreb's Cycle

                        2.)  Kreb's Cycle:    8 Acetyl CoA ----> 24 NADH  X 3 ATP         =    72 ATP
                                                                                        8 FADH   X  2 ATP        =    16 ATP
                                                                                        substrate level phosphor.  =      8 ATP

                                                                                                                    TOTAL    131 ATP
                                                                                                                                        -1 (priming)
                                                                                                                                    130 ATP

                        3.)  130 moles ATP/ mole C16 fatty acid  X  3 moles fatty acid  =  390 moles ATP
 

    e.    1st step:  lactate must be converted to pyruvate.  This occurs in the cytosol, and results in the production of 1 mole of NADH for each mole of lactate that is oxidized.  The pyruvate travels into the mitochondria, where it is converted to acetyl CoA with the production of another NADH.  The acetyl CoA then enters the Kreb's cycle and produces 3 NADH, 1 FADH and 1 ATP.  To summarize:

            1 NADH (from the cytosol)  ------->    only 2 ATP (it uses 1 entering the mitochondrion)
            4 NADH (from mito)  X  3 ATP     =          12 ATP
            1 FADH  (from Kreb's)  X 2 ATP    =          2  ATP
            1 ATP (substrate level)  -------------->        1  ATP
                                                    TOTAL     =       17  ATP  X 20 moles/min  X 5 min  =  1700 ATP
 

2.  a.)  4.8 ml O2 consumed/ 10 min / 17 g  =   0.028 ml O2 / g * min

    b.)  RQ =  CO2 / O2   = 3.89/4.8  =  0.81

    c.)  It can be concluded that the mouse is using both fat and carbohydrate in an approximate ratio of 2/3 fat, 1/3 carbos.

    d.)  4.8 cal/ml  X  0.028 ml / g * min  =   0.134 cal / g * min
 

3.    C17H35COOH  + x O2   ------>     x CO2    +  x H2O

            Balance the equation:

                    Step 1:  the carbons  ----->  18 CO2

                          Step 2:  the hydrogen  36 on left side  ------>  18 H2O

                    Step 3:  the oxygen,  54 on right side  ------->  26 O2
 

        Thus,  C17H35COOH   +  26 O2  ---------->  18 CO2   +   18 H2O

            RQ =   CO2/O2   =   18/26  =   0.69